The present invention is applied to field of metal casting technology, particularly relates to a kind of casting method of steel copper composite cylinder.
In casting field, the foundry engieering that steel copper metal composite is integrated is always all immature and stable.For a long time, all adopt welding or powder sintered shaping method to produce, but these two kinds of methods have a lot of limitation.Compound is insecure often occurs that metal departs from, the situation that service life is short in welding; Powder sintered shaping can not size too large, cost is very high.By understanding advanced country, the steel copper composite cylinder produced by casting method is the most reliable.Domestic steel copper composite cylinder demand is very large, but mostly also relies on import, and the composite cylinder of import is all adopt casting method to produce mostly.Steel copper composite cylinder is as foundry goods important in pump motor, and its quality directly affects the performance of complete machine.Military enterprise is more urgent to high-quality steel copper composite cylinder demand, owing to also adopting the mode of import at present, price is high and the cycle is very long, small quantities of single-piece buying is difficult to realize, required steel copper composite cylinder newly developed is all rely on current import specification, cannot realize new designing requirement very soon.Therefore, research adopts casting method production steel copper composite cylinder significant.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of casting method of steel copper composite cylinder, solve that oxidation in steel copper composite cylinder recombination process, composite performance are not up to standard, the problem of composite casting Fixture Design and copper product proportioning, realize casting method and produce qualified steel copper composite cylinder blank.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A casting method for steel copper composite cylinder, comprises the following steps:
Step one, carry out three-dimension modeling, calculating cast copper metal quality is 19.86kg, carry out casting Technology Design and simulation, pouring technology is optimized by technological design and process simulation techniques, determine that the initial temperature of base steel is 1250 DEG C, the temperature of the initial cast of copper metal is 1250 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 9-12min, the duration of pouring is 15s, and poring rate is 1.5kg/s;
Step 2, employing round steel blank are as base steel, and heat-treat annealing process to base steel: be slowly heated to 900 DEG C-1050 DEG C, the heat time is 15h-20h;
Step 3, turnning and milling, boring, bore hole are carried out to the base steel after heat treatment, form centre bore and other charging hole around centre bore distribution, and in base steel welded top rising head, bottom welding layers of copper enclosed area;
Step 4, oil removing carried out to base steel, eliminate rust, dewater, Nickel Plating Treatment, nickel plating thickness is 7 μm-10 μm,
Step 5: front the pre-heat treatment is produced to base steel, preheat temperature is 150 DEG C-250 DEG C;
Step 6, in crucible, add borax anhydrous, heating borax anhydrous makes it melt, and temperature controls more than 1200 DEG C;
Step 7, the base steel after step 4 the pre-heat treatment is put into the borax anhydrous after fusing, be heated to 1250 DEG C, the heat time is 2h-3h, and described borax anhydrous liquid level is higher than plane 10 ~ 30mm on base steel;
Step 8, melting copper metal, described copper Metal Melting temperature is 1250 DEG C;
Step 9, the copper metal after melting is poured in base steel by the centre bore on base steel, the duration of pouring is 15s, poring rate is 1.5kg/s, and each hole is stirred with steel wire in casting process, maintain the temperature at 1250 DEG C-1300 DEG C, temperature retention time is 9-12min, the base steel of full for casting copper metal is taken out, put into tank, cooled and solidified, to room temperature, obtains steel copper composite cylinder.
In described step one, three-dimension modeling adopts UG, PROE, SolidWwork or Ideas.
In described step one, casting Technology Design and simulation adopt CASTsoft or MAGMA.
Described riser height is 50mm.
Described layers of copper enclosed area die cavity height is 20mm.
Described copper metal is copper alloy, and each component proportion is: Cu71%-73%, Pb19.5%-21%, Sn4%-6%, Ni1%-2%.
In described step 8, the waterflood injection rate of tank controls at water surface rising 10-15mm/min.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: adopt borax anhydrous as medium, because recombination process carries out high temperature more than 1200 DEG C, at this temperature, base steel and liquid copper are all very active, and the oxygen easily and in air reacts, thus form oxide skin at composite surface, thus affect composite quality.Borax anhydrous proper use of, is successfully the key of cast steel copper composite cylinder blank.Dewatering borax Main Function is as follows: borax glass forms lubricating liquid film at base steel inwall, decreases and draws copper resistance, also do not have oxide to be attached on crystallizer wall, avoid the drawing crack phenomenon of copper metal scull, decrease the defects such as surface is mingled with, cold shut; Borax has the effect of purification melt, can dissolve the oxidizing slag above liquation, overcome the ill-effect of harmful alloying elements, expands the ratio that old material uses; Borax glass slow down the intensity of cooling of copper metal top; cooling is made mainly to concentrate on bottom and the secondary cooling zone of base steel; cause longitudinal crystallization effect remarkable; it is shallow that liquid cave covers casting liquid cave than gas shield or cigarette ash; casting speed can be improved; there is crystal grain thinning simultaneously, improve the effect of the high-temperature behavior of brass.Steel copper bi-metal can make interface realize good metallurgical binding by diffusion compound, and composite performance is good, and boundary strength reaches 100MP and exceedes the acceptance criteria that standard GB/T 1328-91 specifies.After the base steel nickel plating of cylinder body casting mold, steel copper bi-metal can reach 10 μm-14 μm by diffusion compound atom in conjunction with transition thickness, substantially improves compound ability.Steel copper composite cylinder carries out continuous 50 hours under 3000r/min, 400MP load, and pressure is unchanged.Clad steel copper composite cylinder diffusion composite quality is better in sum.
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